Scienceblogtwo

One novel target for the therapy of cancer has been identified by researchers. Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have discovered a previously unknown mechanism that controls the growth of tumors in mice and cell cultures. This discovery may eventually lead to the development of novel medications for the treatment of various cancer illnesses. In a report that was recently published in Nature Communications, the Gothenburg researchers provided in-depth explanations of their findings. It has to do with a protein that binds genetic material and is responsible for traits that control tumor growth, as recent study has revealed. The IER3 and IER3-AS1 genes encode the HnRNPK protein, which binds to messenger RNA (mRNA). These genes are quite active in several cancer types. The HnRNPK binds to the mRNA of these genes to stop the formation of double-stranded RNA between them. Meena and Chandrasekhar Kanduri are students at the University of Gothenburg's Sahlgrenska Academy. Credit:...

Researchers discovered that males who consumed a lot of foods that were highly processed had a higher chance of getting colorectal cancer than men who did not. Due to simplicity and convenience, many Americans disregard the less-than-ideal nutritional content in pre-cooked and fast meals. Scientists from Tufts University and Harvard University hope that after finding a connection between excessive intake of ultra-processed foods and an elevated risk of colorectal cancer, this will alter for many people. The study, which was just published in The BMJ, found that men who ate a lot of ultra-processed foods had a 29% higher chance of developing colon cancer than men who ate a lot less of it. The third most common cancer in the US is colorectal cancer. The same link was not discovered by the researchers in women. A growth inside the colon or rectum known as a polyp frequently marks the beginning of colorectal cancer. In order to avoid colorectal cancer, polyps should be found and removed. W...

Neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer that develops from neural cells on the adrenal glands, kills 15% of children who die from cancer. The MYCN (MYCN amplified) gene, which is the primary cause of neuroblastoma and the main factor contributing to its resistance to therapy, is present in over 50% of children with high-risk neuroblastoma. It has proven difficult to treat neuroblastoma by specifically targeting MYCN, according to Dr. Eveline Barbieri, an assistant professor of pediatrics - hematology and oncology at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital and the study's corresponding author. In this work, we looked for metabolic vulnerabilities that we could exploit to overcome the resistance of these tumors to therapy. The goal was to improve the survival of children with MYCN amplified neuroblastoma. Using an unbiased, metabolomics approach, Barbieri and her colleagues compared the metabolic profiles of MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas to the profiles of non-MYCN-amp...

Atypical cell proliferation is the root cause of one of the biggest global public health issues, cancer. According to new research by a group of scientists lead by Researcher Du Peng of Peking University School of Life Sciences, a plant immune protein has been identified to enable extensive anti-tumor responses by reducing micro-RNA deficit, which offers a potent tool against cancer. Micro-RNA (miRNA) has been linked to the development of cancer. Argonaute (AGO) can recognize and load mature mammalian miRNA that is double stranded and has a 2-nt 3-terminal overhang in order to create an RNA Induced Silencing Complex (RISC) that controls the expression of target genes. In fact, it is believed that one of the causes of cancer is the dosage reduction of global miRNA. The aberrant proliferation of cancer cells requires overactivation of the cell cycle. Unexpectedly, a large number of miRNAs can directly target and suppress cell cycle genes to limit cell division. Therefore, restoring the d...

The CRISPR genome editing technique is incredibly efficient but not necessarily secure, the researchers warn. Sometimes cleaved chromosomes do not regrow, compromising genomic stability, which over time might support cancer. According to recent research from Tel Aviv University, using CRISPR therapeutics, a breakthrough, Nobel Prize-winning approach that entails cleaving and editing DNA, to treat ailments including cancer, liver, and intestinal disorders, and genetic abnormalities, has risks. Up to 10% of the treated T-cells, which are white blood cells in the immune system, had genetic material destroyed, according to research on how this procedure affected them. They clarify that such loss might cause the genome to become unstable, which might cause cancer. The Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center (Ichilov) and Tel Aviv University collaborated on the study, which was led by Dr. Adi Barzel of TAU's Wise Faculty of Life Sciences and Dotan Center for Advanced Therapies, as well as Drs. ...

A significant study that was presented on September 5 at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress in Barcelona, Spain, found that people with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have a higher chance of developing cancer. [1] Loud snoring is a common sign of obstructive sleep apnea, while not everyone who snores has the disorder. A second study discovered a connection between OSA and a loss in cognitive abilities in the elderly. Some cognitive tests revealed a greater deterioration in men and those 74 years of age or older. According to a third study, patients with more severe OSA were more likely to experience blood clots in their veins, a condition that could be fatal. People with OSA frequently experience partial or total obstruction of their upper airway while they sleep, which results in frequent breathing pauses. This frequently leads to daytime lethargy, loud snoring, gasping, and choking. OSA is thought to affect between 7 and 13 percent of people. The disorder is...

The ease of pre-cooked and instant meals may make it simple for many Americans to overlook the less-than-ideal nutritional information, but after finding a connection between the frequent consumption of ultra-processed foods and an elevated risk of colorectal cancer, a group of researchers led by those at Tufts University and Harvard University hope that will change. According to a study that was released on August 31 in The BMJ, men who consumed a lot of ultra-processed foods had a 29% higher risk of getting colorectal cancer, which is the third most common cancer diagnosed in the country, than those who consumed far less of it. In women, they did not discover the similar relationship. Lu Wang, a postdoctoral scholar at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University and the study's principal author, said, "We initially thought that colorectal cancer could be the cancer most impacted by food compared to other cancer types." "The majority of u...

The BMJ this week published two sizable studies that found associations between high intake of ultra-processed foods and higher chances of death, bowel (colorectal) cancer, and cardiovascular disease. The findings add to the body of evidence supporting policies that discourage consumption of ultra-processed foods in favor of unprocessed or less processed foods in order to enhance overall public health. They also highlight the chance to reformulate dietary recommendations globally by giving more consideration to the level of food processing in addition to nutrient-based advice. Foods that have undergone extreme processing include prepared meals and snacks, carbonated beverages, sugary cereals, and packaged baked goods and snacks. They frequently lack vitamins and fiber but contain significant amounts of added sugar, fat, and/or salt. Few studies have examined the relationship between eating ultra-processed foods and the risk of colorectal cancer, and the results are conflicting due to l...

The surface of a cell can reveal its secrets. It is embellished with tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of molecules that aid immune cells in differentiating between friends and enemies. Antigens are some of those obtruding substances that cause the immune system to assault. However, it can be challenging for researchers to locate those antigens in the molecular forest since they frequently differ between individuals. A group of Stanford researchers has created a novel technique to predict which antigens will trigger a potent immune response more quickly and correctly. Their method might aid in the development of more potent cancer immunotherapies. The research, which was directed by Polly Fordyce, an Institute Scholar at Sarafan ChEM-H, will be published in the journal Nature Methods today, September 5, 2022. Immune cells known as T cells prowl the body, squeezing past other cells as they go. They employ T cell receptors to read peptides, or brief proteins, that are molecularl...

It may be possible to develop more potent treatments for some of the most lethal types of cancer as a result of a discovery made by researchers at the University of California, Irvine on how a certain protein is activated in tumor cells. The discovery, which was spearheaded by researchers at the School of Biological Sciences, may one day lead to new therapeutic choices for skin cancer in adults and children, the most prevalent form of juvenile brain cancer, and the particularly hazardous melanoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The study was released in the Life Science Alliance journal. The discovery concerned the GLI1 protein, which is crucial for cell formation but has also been connected to a number of malignancies. GLI1 is often activated by the Hedgehog signaling pathway (HH), also known as HH. However, researchers have been aware for about ten years that the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and HH interact, or crosstalk, in ways that contribute to cancer. A. Jane Bardwell...

There is now a method that explains how cancer cells become innocuous, normal cells. According to a new study, altering the chemical alterations, or so-called epigenetics, of a particular type of leukemia cell's genetic material, the messenger RNA, causes the leukemia cells to change from highly proliferative to normal cells that stop growing. Alberto Bueno-Costa, a researcher in the lab of Dr. Manel Esteller, director of the Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, ICREA researcher, and professor at the University of Barcelona, is the study's lead author. The work was published in the journal Leukemia. When a healthy cell develops cancer, it transforms into a malignant one with wholly new characteristics, such the capacity to divide uncontrollably. The transformation of healthy tissue into tumor tissue is triggered by a variety of molecular changes, which have been extensively studied in recent years. The reverse process, which transforms a cancer cell into a normal, non-c...

The disorder known as colorectal cancer, or rectum cancer, is characterized by an uncontrolled cell proliferation in the rectum or colon. According to a recent study, Clostridioides difficile may be the cause of some colorectal malignancies. The bacterium species Clostridioides difficile, or C. diff, which is well known for causing catastrophic diarrheal infections, may also cause colorectal cancer, according to data gathered by researchers at the Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy and the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center. This bacteria causes approximately 500,000 infections annually in the United States, many of which are very difficult to treat, and the study, which was just published in the journal Cancer Discovery, may give light on another troubling job for it. "It's surprising how many people under 50 have received colon cancer diagnoses in recent years. According to Cynthia Sears, M.D., the Bloomberg-Kimmel Professor of Cancer Immunotherapy and a pro...